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Short essays on radiation techniques, when travel is justified, and the records we ask for before anyone books a ticket. This is the only editorial surface on the site.

82 articles found

Simplified chest illustration of a pacemaker generator under the skin below the collarbone with one lead ending in the lower chamber of the heart

Cardiology · 10 October 2026

Pacemaker Cost in India: A Complete Patient Guide

Pacemaker cost in India depends on the device type, implantation procedure, hospital package, length of stay and the patient's medical condition. This guide explains single-chamber, dual-chamber and leadless pacemakers, package inclusions, recovery, follow-up and what international patients should confirm before travelling.

Simplified chest illustration of an ICD generator under the skin of the upper chest with one lead reaching the right ventricle

Cardiology · 10 October 2026

ICD Implantation Cost in India: A Complete Patient Guide

An implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) can detect and treat certain dangerous heart rhythms. This guide explains ICD implantation cost in India, device types, hospital charges, recovery, ICD shocks, follow-up and practical planning for international patients.

Simplified illustration of a catheter reaching the inside of the heart and a highlighted point where ablation energy is applied

Cardiology · 10 October 2026

Cardiac Ablation Cost in India: A Complete Patient Guide

Cardiac ablation treats selected abnormal heart rhythms by targeting the heart tissue responsible for faulty electrical signals. Learn about the types of ablation, what affects the cost in India, hospital package inclusions, recovery, risks and planning treatment as an international patient.

Close-up of an osteoarthritic adult knee showing worn cartilage and exposed bone on the femur, tibia and patella

Orthopedics · 29 September 2026

Knee Replacement Surgery in India

Total, partial, revision and robotic knee replacement in India: who needs surgery, how the operation is done, recovery, risks and GAF planning ranges for international patients.

Transparent adult body with a teal colon and a gold tumour used to explain biomarker-directed colon cancer targeted therapy

Medical Oncology · 28 September 2026

Colon Cancer Targeted Therapy in India: RAS, BRAF, HER2 and EGFR

When colon cancer targeted therapy is appropriate: RAS, BRAF V600E, HER2, KRAS G12C, cetuximab, bevacizumab, later-line options and GAF planning ranges.

Transparent adult body with a teal colon and a gold tumour used to explain MSI-H/dMMR colon cancer immunotherapy

Medical Oncology · 28 September 2026

Colon Cancer Immunotherapy in India: MSI-H, Pembrolizumab and Nivolumab

When colon cancer immunotherapy is appropriate: MSI-H/dMMR testing, pembrolizumab, nivolumab plus ipilimumab, immune-related side effects and GAF planning ranges.

Transparent adult body with a teal colon and a gold tumour used to explain systemic colon cancer chemotherapy

Medical Oncology · 28 September 2026

Colon Cancer Chemotherapy in India: FOLFOX, CAPOX and FOLFIRI

When colon cancer needs chemotherapy: FOLFOX vs CAPOX, 3 vs 6 months, FOLFIRI, FOLFOXIRI, MSI/MMR immunotherapy and GAF planning ranges.

Transparent adult body with a teal colon, gold primary tumour and gold liver metastases used to explain Stage 4 colon cancer

Surgical Oncology · 28 September 2026

Stage 4 Colon Cancer Treatment in India: Metastatic Care, Surgery and Targeted Therapy

Metastatic colon cancer: resectable vs unresectable disease, conversion therapy, FOLFOX/FOLFIRI, MSI/MMR immunotherapy, liver surgery and CRS/HIPEC.

Transparent adult body with a teal colon, gold tumour and gold regional lymph nodes used to explain Stage 3 colon cancer

Surgical Oncology · 28 September 2026

Stage 3 Colon Cancer Treatment in India: Surgery, FOLFOX and CAPOX

Node-positive colon cancer: surgery plus adjuvant FOLFOX or CAPOX, 3 versus 6 months, MSI/MMR testing, and why Stage 3 is not Stage 4.

Transparent adult body with a teal colon and a gold tumour invading through the bowel wall used to explain Stage 2 colon cancer

Surgical Oncology · 28 September 2026

Stage 2 Colon Cancer Treatment in India: Surgery, High-Risk Features and Chemotherapy

T3 and T4 colon cancer: when surgery alone is enough, which high-risk features prompt adjuvant chemotherapy, and why MSI/MMR status changes the discussion in India.

Transparent adult body with a teal colon and a small gold tumour confined to the bowel wall used to explain Stage 1 colon cancer

Surgical Oncology · 28 September 2026

Stage 1 Colon Cancer Treatment in India: Endoscopic Removal vs Colectomy

T1 and T2 colon cancer: when a malignant polyp can stay with colonoscopy, when partial colectomy is needed, and why chemotherapy is usually not routine after Stage 1.

Transparent adult body with a teal colon and a gold tumour overlay used to explain colon cancer surgery

Surgical Oncology · 28 September 2026

Colon Cancer Surgery in India: Colectomy, Approaches and Recovery

Hemicolectomy, anastomosis and stomas: how tumour location decides the operation, when laparoscopic or robotic surgery is appropriate, and GAF planning ranges for colectomy in India.