Specialty and country guide
Pulmonology assesses and treats diseases of the lungs, airways and pleura. GAF’s current India catalog includes diagnostic sampling, therapeutic bronchoscopy, pleural procedures and lung transplantation; the appropriate service depends on imaging, breathing reserve, oxygen needs, bleeding risk, the clinical question and whether a result will change treatment.
Specialty overview
Pulmonology, also called respiratory medicine, covers airway, lung-parenchymal and pleural disease. Evaluation may use symptoms, examination, chest imaging, pulmonary-function testing, microbiology and tissue sampling. Interventional pulmonology adds flexible or rigid bronchoscopy, ultrasound-guided sampling, airway treatment and selected pleural procedures.
A procedure should answer a defined question or solve a defined problem. Bronchoscopy can inspect the airway and obtain washings or tissue. EBUS and needle aspiration sample structures beside the airway. Transbronchial biopsy and cryobiopsy obtain peripheral lung tissue with different specimen sizes and risks. Thoracoscopy or pleuroscopy examines the pleural space. Therapeutic procedures may restore an obstructed airway or drain pleural fluid.
Technique and setting depend on oxygen reserve, airway anatomy, target location, bleeding and pneumothorax risk, anticoagulants, anaesthetic needs and available rescue support. A respiratory physician may coordinate with thoracic surgery, oncology, radiology, pathology, microbiology, critical care and transplant teams. Catalog relationships do not establish that every listed service is available at every hospital.
Clinical scope
A specialty can have diagnostic, medical, procedural, supportive or palliative roles. A diagnosis alone does not establish that any listed respiratory service is appropriate.
Visible narrowing, tumour, retained secretions or unexplained airway change may require diagnostic or therapeutic bronchoscopy after CT and clinical review.
Related treatment guides: Bronchoscopy, Rigid Bronchoscopy, Endobronchial Biopsy, Bronchoscopic Tumor Debulking
Target location and the tissue needed for pathology or molecular testing guide EBUS, TBNA, endobronchial or transbronchial sampling.
Related treatment guides: EBUS (Endobronchial Ultrasound), TBNA (Transbronchial Needle Aspiration), Transbronchial Lung Biopsy, Endobronchial Biopsy
Selected cases may need transbronchial forceps or cryobiopsy only after multidisciplinary review of HRCT pattern, physiology and procedural risk.
Related treatment guides: Transbronchial Lung Biopsy, Cryo-Lung Biopsy
Fluid, pleural thickening or suspected infection or malignancy may require drainage, biopsy or thoracoscopic inspection according to imaging and stability.
Related treatment guides: Medical Thoracoscopy, Medical Pleuroscopy, Pleural Biopsy, Chest Tube / Intercostal Drainage
Suspected aspiration can require urgent flexible or rigid bronchoscopy with anaesthesia and airway-rescue planning.
Related treatment guides: Bronchoscopy, Rigid Bronchoscopy, Foreign Body Removal by Bronchoscopy
Lung transplantation is a separate multidisciplinary programme requiring disease, functional, psychosocial, donor and transplant-risk assessment.
Related treatment guides: Lung Transplantation
respiratory services
The 15 current respiratory service records in India are grouped by clinical approach. Every link opens a separate cost guide; a service or platform name is not a treatment recommendation.
Airway inspection, ultrasound and tissue or fluid sampling are selected by target location and the diagnostic information required.
Bronchoscopy is a minimally invasive airway procedure in which a thin flexible scope with a light, camera and working channel passes through the nose or mouth, larynx and trachea into the bronchi.
Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) combines flexible bronchoscopy with a linear ultrasound transducer at the scope tip so structures beyond the airway wall can be seen and sampled.
Transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) passes small forceps through a flexible bronchoscope into a segmental or subsegmental bronchus to remove pieces of lung parenchyma beyond the visible airway.
Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy uses a flexible cryoprobe passed through a bronchoscope into peripheral lung, where rapid cooling freezes parenchyma onto the probe for en-bloc extraction.
Endobronchial biopsy uses forceps through a flexible bronchoscope to remove small pieces of a lesion visibly arising from or infiltrating the airway lining.
Conventional transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) passes a sheathed needle through the bronchial wall into a lymph node or peribronchial lesion selected from CT and airway landmarks, without real-time ultrasound.
Therapeutic airway procedures require equipment, anaesthesia and a documented plan for bleeding, obstruction and respiratory deterioration.
Rigid bronchoscopy places a straight, hollow metal ventilating barrel through the mouth and larynx into the trachea or main bronchi under general anaesthesia.
Airway stenting places a tubular prosthesis in the trachea or a main bronchus to hold open a clinically important central-airway narrowing, seal selected airway defects or support a collapsing airway.
Bronchoscopic tumour debulking removes or destroys part of a tumour obstructing the trachea or main bronchi to restore immediate central-airway patency, control selected bleeding and palliate breathlessness.
Bronchoscopic foreign-body removal extracts an inhaled object from the larynx, trachea or bronchial tree using flexible or rigid bronchoscopy and retrieval forceps, baskets, snares or suction.
Drainage, biopsy and thoracoscopic procedures use different access, tissue and admission scopes.
Medical thoracoscopy is a single- or limited-port examination of the pleural space performed by a trained pulmonologist, usually under local anaesthetic with conscious sedation in a procedure room.
Medical pleuroscopy is direct endoscopic inspection of the pleural space through a limited chest-wall port, usually using a semi-rigid pleuroscope under local anaesthetic and conscious sedation.
Pleural biopsy removes tissue from the lining between lung and chest wall to investigate malignancy, tuberculosis and other pleuritis when imaging or pleural-fluid analysis is insufficient.
A chest tube or intercostal drain passes through the chest wall into the pleural space to evacuate air, fluid, blood, pus or chyle.
Transplant evaluation and treatment involve a complete multidisciplinary programme rather than a stand-alone operation.
Compare
These are current GAF catalog planning ranges, separated by compatible billing basis. A cycle, course, operation, test and treatment programme are not interchangeable units.
per procedure
Compare the named procedure, anaesthesia or sedation, devices, pathology, monitoring and admission scope before comparing totals.
per theatre procedure
Compare the named procedure, anaesthesia or sedation, devices, pathology, monitoring and admission scope before comparing totals.
per stent procedure
Compare the named procedure, anaesthesia or sedation, devices, pathology, monitoring and admission scope before comparing totals.
per thoracoscopy admission
Compare the named procedure, anaesthesia or sedation, devices, pathology, monitoring and admission scope before comparing totals.
per pleuroscopy admission
Compare the named procedure, anaesthesia or sedation, devices, pathology, monitoring and admission scope before comparing totals.
per biopsy procedure
Compare the named procedure, anaesthesia or sedation, devices, pathology, monitoring and admission scope before comparing totals.
per cryobiopsy admission
Compare the named procedure, anaesthesia or sedation, devices, pathology, monitoring and admission scope before comparing totals.
per needle-aspiration procedure
Compare the named procedure, anaesthesia or sedation, devices, pathology, monitoring and admission scope before comparing totals.
per therapeutic bronchoscopy
Compare the named procedure, anaesthesia or sedation, devices, pathology, monitoring and admission scope before comparing totals.
per extraction procedure
Compare the named procedure, anaesthesia or sedation, devices, pathology, monitoring and admission scope before comparing totals.
per drain episode
Compare the named procedure, anaesthesia or sedation, devices, pathology, monitoring and admission scope before comparing totals.
per transplant episode
Compare the named procedure, anaesthesia or sedation, devices, pathology, monitoring and admission scope before comparing totals.
| respiratory service | What it is used for | Typical procedure or stay | Pricing basis | GAF India planning range | Details |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bronchoscopy | Bronchoscopy is a minimally invasive airway procedure in which a thin flexible scope with a light, camera and working channel passes through the nose or mouth, larynx and trachea into the bronchi. | Outpatient or 1 night | per procedure | $400–$1,200 | View respiratory service |
| EBUS (Endobronchial Ultrasound) | Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) combines flexible bronchoscopy with a linear ultrasound transducer at the scope tip so structures beyond the airway wall can be seen and sampled. | Outpatient or 1 night | per procedure | $800–$2,500 | View respiratory service |
| Rigid Bronchoscopy | Rigid bronchoscopy places a straight, hollow metal ventilating barrel through the mouth and larynx into the trachea or main bronchi under general anaesthesia. | 1–3 nights | per theatre procedure | $1,200–$3,500 | View respiratory service |
| Airway Stenting | Airway stenting places a tubular prosthesis in the trachea or a main bronchus to hold open a clinically important central-airway narrowing, seal selected airway defects or support a collapsing airway. | 1–3 nights | per stent procedure | $2,000–$6,500 | View respiratory service |
| Medical Thoracoscopy | Medical thoracoscopy is a single- or limited-port examination of the pleural space performed by a trained pulmonologist, usually under local anaesthetic with conscious sedation in a procedure room. | 2–4 nights | per thoracoscopy admission | $1,800–$5,000 | View respiratory service |
| Medical Pleuroscopy | Medical pleuroscopy is direct endoscopic inspection of the pleural space through a limited chest-wall port, usually using a semi-rigid pleuroscope under local anaesthetic and conscious sedation. | 2–4 nights | per pleuroscopy admission | $1,600–$4,800 | View respiratory service |
| Transbronchial Lung Biopsy | Transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) passes small forceps through a flexible bronchoscope into a segmental or subsegmental bronchus to remove pieces of lung parenchyma beyond the visible airway. | Outpatient or 1 night | per biopsy procedure | $600–$1,800 | View respiratory service |
| Endobronchial Biopsy | Endobronchial biopsy uses forceps through a flexible bronchoscope to remove small pieces of a lesion visibly arising from or infiltrating the airway lining. | Outpatient or 1 night | per biopsy procedure | $500–$1,500 | View respiratory service |
| Pleural Biopsy | Pleural biopsy removes tissue from the lining between lung and chest wall to investigate malignancy, tuberculosis and other pleuritis when imaging or pleural-fluid analysis is insufficient. | 1–2 nights | per biopsy procedure | $600–$1,800 | View respiratory service |
| Cryo-Lung Biopsy | Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy uses a flexible cryoprobe passed through a bronchoscope into peripheral lung, where rapid cooling freezes parenchyma onto the probe for en-bloc extraction. | 1–2 nights | per cryobiopsy admission | $1,200–$3,500 | View respiratory service |
| TBNA (Transbronchial Needle Aspiration) | Conventional transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) passes a sheathed needle through the bronchial wall into a lymph node or peribronchial lesion selected from CT and airway landmarks, without real-time ultrasound. | Outpatient or 1 night | per needle-aspiration procedure | $700–$2,000 | View respiratory service |
| Bronchoscopic Tumor Debulking | Bronchoscopic tumour debulking removes or destroys part of a tumour obstructing the trachea or main bronchi to restore immediate central-airway patency, control selected bleeding and palliate breathlessness. | 1–3 nights | per therapeutic bronchoscopy | $2,000–$6,000 | View respiratory service |
| Foreign Body Removal by Bronchoscopy | Bronchoscopic foreign-body removal extracts an inhaled object from the larynx, trachea or bronchial tree using flexible or rigid bronchoscopy and retrieval forceps, baskets, snares or suction. | Outpatient or 1 night | per extraction procedure | $800–$2,500 | View respiratory service |
| Chest Tube / Intercostal Drainage | A chest tube or intercostal drain passes through the chest wall into the pleural space to evacuate air, fluid, blood, pus or chyle. | 2–5 nights if the drain stays | per drain episode | $350–$1,200 | View respiratory service |
| Lung Transplantation | Lung transplantation replaces one or both irreversibly diseased lungs with deceased-donor organs; heart-lung transplantation is reserved for selected combined cardiopulmonary disease. | 21–45 nights; outpatient follow-up in-city | per transplant episode | $28,000–$70,000 | View respiratory service |
Indicative planning ranges, not guaranteed hospital quotations. The treating team confirms the clinical scope, billing basis, schedule, admission, monitoring and exclusions after review.
Clinical decisions
Selection begins with the clinical problem and recent chest imaging. The team defines whether the goal is visual inspection, microbiology, cytology, histology, nodal staging, airway reopening, pleural drainage or transplant assessment. A larger specimen is not automatically better when a lower-risk test can answer the question.
Target position influences access. Central airways and adjacent lymph nodes differ from peripheral lung and pleural targets. Oxygen requirement, lung function, pulmonary hypertension, bleeding risk, anticoagulants, infection, neck and jaw access, anaesthetic risk and ability to tolerate a pneumothorax affect the plan.
The service must match available support. Fluoroscopy, radial or linear ultrasound, rigid-airway control, pathology handling, interventional radiology, thoracic surgery, intensive care and transplant systems are relevant only to specific procedures. Their presence must be confirmed for the named campus.
Treatment pathway
This specialty-specific pathway is configured from approved editorial content. The exact sequence changes with the diagnosis, selected respiratory service and patient factors.
The respiratory team defines the symptom, imaging finding or treatment problem the service must address.
CT location, airway or pleural anatomy, oxygen needs and pulmonary function are reviewed.
Bleeding, anticoagulants, infection, anaesthesia, pneumothorax and rescue needs are assessed.
The clinician chooses the least invasive service likely to provide the required diagnosis or treatment.
Identity, target, route, sedation or anaesthesia and specimen allocation are checked during delivery.
Breathing, oxygen, bleeding, pain and procedure-specific complications are observed.
Pathology, microbiology or clinical response is reviewed with the relevant multidisciplinary team.
The patient receives warning signs, medication advice, pending-result arrangements and a respiratory-care plan.
Cost planning
Costs are shown by 12 compatible pricing bases rather than one misleading specialty-wide range. A personalized estimate follows medical-record review.
Pulmonology prices must retain their stored billing unit. A bronchoscopy, biopsy procedure, theatre intervention, drainage episode and transplant programme are not comparable units. The table groups services by basis rather than calculating one misleading respiratory-medicine average.
The quotation should state flexible or rigid technique, imaging or ultrasound guidance, sedation or general anaesthesia, biopsy tools, stent or drainage device, specimen processing, pathology and microbiology, ward or intensive-care cover and scheduled review.
Unexpected bleeding, pneumothorax, respiratory support, additional tissue studies, a changed device or longer admission can alter cost. Flights, accommodation, oxygen arrangements and care after return are separate unless written into the estimate.
Technology
This list is derived from procedure relationships; it is not a hospital machine inventory. Technology availability must be confirmed for a named campus and treatment date.
What it is
A steerable scope used to inspect segmental airways and perform lavage, brushing or selected biopsy.
Why it may be used
It provides direct airway access with a smaller instrument than rigid bronchoscopy.
Bronchoscopy · Endobronchial Biopsy · Transbronchial Lung Biopsy
What it is
Ultrasound at the bronchoscope tip visualises structures beside the airway and guides needle sampling.
Why it may be used
It may sample mediastinal or hilar nodes and selected lesions without surgical access.
EBUS (Endobronchial Ultrasound) · TBNA (Transbronchial Needle Aspiration)
What it is
A straight open airway tube used under general anaesthesia for ventilation, suction and larger therapeutic tools.
Why it may be used
It may provide airway control for selected obstruction, bleeding, foreign-body or stent procedures.
Rigid Bronchoscopy · Airway Stenting · Bronchoscopic Tumor Debulking · Foreign Body Removal by Bronchoscopy
What it is
A probe freezes tissue to obtain a larger specimen than standard forceps in selected lung-biopsy pathways.
Why it may be used
It may improve tissue architecture but requires bleeding and pneumothorax safeguards.
What it is
Pleural-space access allows direct inspection, fluid management and selected biopsy.
Why it may be used
It can combine diagnosis and pleural intervention in appropriately selected patients.
Cities
Cities appear only where current catalog relationships contain relevant hospitals, doctors and procedures. Counts update from the live data layer.
Pulmonology in Delhi NCR
Pulmonology in Mumbai
Pulmonology in Bengaluru
Pulmonology in Chennai
Pulmonology in Hyderabad
Hospitals
30 hospitals currently meet the India and Pulmonology relationship filters. Cards show stored CMS information, not a ranking or universal capability claim.
JCI Accredited
NABH Accredited11 listed doctors for Pulmonology
Languages listed: English, Hindi
JCI AccreditedNABH Accredited
NABL Accredited11 listed doctors for Pulmonology
Languages listed: English, Hindi
JCI AccreditedNABH AccreditedNABL Accredited6 listed doctors for Pulmonology
Languages listed: English, Telugu, Hindi
JCI AccreditedNABH AccreditedNABL Accredited6 listed doctors for Pulmonology
Languages listed: English, Hindi
JCI AccreditedNABH Accredited5 listed doctors for Pulmonology
Languages listed: English, Telugu, Hindi
JCI AccreditedNABH AccreditedNABL Accredited5 listed doctors for Pulmonology
Languages listed: English, Hindi
Specialists
112 doctor records meet the India and Pulmonology relationship filters across 30 related hospitals. Profile facts come from the existing CMS; ordering is not a ranking.
Pulmonology
25+ years Experience
Bronchoscopy · EBUS (Endobronchial Ultrasound) · Medical Thoracoscopy
English, Hindi
Pulmonology
44+ years Experience
Bronchoscopy · EBUS (Endobronchial Ultrasound) · Medical Thoracoscopy
English, Hindi
Pulmonology
25+ years Experience
EBUS (Endobronchial Ultrasound) · TBNA (Transbronchial Needle Aspiration) · Bronchoscopy
English, Hindi
Pulmonology
27+ years Experience
Diagnostic Bronchoscopy · Therapeutic Bronchoscopy · Severe Asthma Management
English, Hindi
Pulmonology
28+ years Experience
EBUS (Endobronchial Ultrasound) · Medical Thoracoscopy · Bronchoscopy
English, Hindi
Pulmonology
47+ years Experience
Bronchoscopy · EBUS (Endobronchial Ultrasound) · Medical Thoracoscopy
English, Hindi
Pulmonology
34+ years Experience
Diagnostic Bronchoscopy · Therapeutic Bronchoscopy · Airway Stenting
English, Hindi
Pulmonology
42+ years Experience
Bronchoscopy · EBUS (Endobronchial Ultrasound) · Medical Thoracoscopy
English, Hindi
International patients
Send recent chest CT images in DICOM format, reports, pulmonary-function results, oxygen use, previous pathology or microbiology and a clear clinical question before travel. A remote proposal remains provisional until the respiratory and anaesthesia teams review the patient.
Confirm the exact campus, procedure, sedation or anaesthesia, specimen tests and rescue arrangements. Stay close enough for the first review and pending results; flexible travel is important after biopsy, drainage, airway treatment or any change in breathing.
Before departure, obtain the procedure report, images where available, pathology and microbiology status, device details, medicine changes, urgent warning signs and the clinician responsible for pending results and follow-up.
Many diagnostic services are day care, but observation and fitness to fly depend on sedation, bleeding, oxygen needs and pneumothorax risk. Results may take several days and can lead to additional tests or treatment.
Rigid airway intervention, pleural drainage, respiratory deterioration and transplantation can require admission. Departure should remain flexible until the treating clinician confirms stability, device care and access to urgent review.
Depending on the condition, the treating team may request:
India has GAF-linked pulmonologists and hospitals across several cities, but the useful comparison is the named service and support at a named campus. Confirm equipment, anaesthesia, pathology handling and rescue capability rather than relying on a specialty label.
Travel may be unsafe for unstable breathing, significant bleeding, untreated infection or urgent airway compromise. Compare the complete plan and continuity of care, not only the procedure range.
Questions
Pulmonologists assess diseases of the airways, lung tissue and pleura and may coordinate diagnostic, medical and interventional care.
No. It is used when direct inspection, sampling or airway treatment is likely to change care and its risks are acceptable.
Flexible scopes reach branching airways for inspection and sampling; rigid bronchoscopy creates a larger controlled airway corridor under general anaesthesia for selected interventions.
Target location, tissue requirement, imaging pattern, breathing reserve, bleeding and pneumothorax risk and available alternatives guide selection.
Costs are shown by the stored procedure basis. A day-care bronchoscopy, theatre intervention, drainage episode and transplant programme must not be averaged together.
Only when the estimate lists the required cytology, histology, stains, cultures or molecular tests. Specimen collection and laboratory analysis may be separate.
The page lists hospitals with current GAF specialty relationships. Confirm the exact procedure, equipment and support at the named campus.
The directory uses stored specialty, hospital and city relationships. Placement is not a ranking or proof of procedure-specific expertise.
Recent chest imaging, respiratory history, oxygen needs, pulmonary function, medicines and previous pathology or microbiology are commonly required.
Not automatically. Pneumothorax, bleeding, oxygen needs, sedation and airline conditions affect clearance.
No. Confirm the exact campus, clinician, equipment, date and rescue arrangements in writing.
It is considered only after multidisciplinary assessment of advanced lung disease, expected benefit, contraindications, support and programme eligibility.
Medical information notice: This page provides general educational and travel-planning information. GAF ranges are indicative planning figures, not quotations, procedure recommendations or promises of availability or outcome. The diagnosis, procedure, sampling plan, anaesthesia, risk management, follow-up and fitness to travel must be decided by qualified respiratory and relevant multidisciplinary clinicians after reviewing the patient and complete records.
Last medically reviewed: 2026-09-14 by Dr. Saffiyyah Chaudhary. Content curated by Dr. Shabnam Choudhary.
Dr. Shabnam Choudhary, BDS, is a dental professional who graduated from Al-Ameen Medical College, Bijapur, Karnataka. She contributes to the curation and development of medically informative healthcare content, helping ensure that information is structured clearly and presented in a patient-friendly manner.
Content Curator
BDS
Al-Ameen Medical College, Bijapur, Karnataka
Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences (RGUHS), Bengaluru
Dr. Saffiyyah Chaudhary, BDS, is a dental professional who graduated from Al-Ameen Medical College, Bijapur, Karnataka. She provides medical review of healthcare content to help ensure that clinical information is accurate, understandable, and appropriately presented for patients and their families.
Medically Reviewed By
BDS
Al-Ameen Medical College, Bijapur, Karnataka
Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences (RGUHS), Bengaluru
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